<p>&quot;Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against&nbsp;clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B&nbsp;viruses.&quot;</p>

<p>Black elderberries (Sambucus nigra L.) are one of the oldest and most regarded botanical medicines traditionally used to alleviate coughs and symptoms of the common cold and influenza (Blochwich, 2010).<br />
Early in 2011, their potential therapeutic application was advanced by researchers at Justus-Liebig University in Geissen, Germany who showed that a proprietary liquid extract of the berries (provided by IPRONA) inhibits the growth of clinically-relevant influenza A and B viruses and bacteria associated with upper respiratory tract infections. Both the bacterial strains and flu viruses were clinical isolates from human patients (Krawitz et al., 2011).</p>

<p>The antimicrobial activity of&nbsp;the IPRONA Extract&nbsp;was demonstrated in liquid-cultured strains of pathogenic bacteria (Branhamella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pyogenes) often found in association with upper respiratory tract infections. Added to the cultures at a concentration of 10%, the extract inhibited their growth by greater than 70%, and from a concentration of 20% by over 99%.</p>
